Drug Dilution and Reconstitution Calculator for Nurses
C1V1=C2V2 calculations with range validation. Clear stock volume and diluent results.
Common clinical questions about this calculator and its applications
What's the difference between dilution and reconstitution?
Reconstitution is adding diluent to a powder medication to create a liquid form (e.g., adding sterile water to antibiotic powder). Dilution is reducing the concentration of an already-liquid medication (e.g., diluting concentrated potassium for IV use). This calculator handles both using the C1V1=C2V2 formula.
Can I use any diluent for reconstitution?
No. Always use the diluent specified in the drug monograph or package insert. Common diluents include sterile water, normal saline, or D5W, but some medications require specific diluents. Using the wrong diluent can inactivate the medication, cause precipitation, or create incompatibilities.
What if I need to draw up more stock than I have?
If the calculated stock volume exceeds what you have available, you either need more vials/ampules of the stock medication, or you need to change your target concentration or final volume. Never exceed the volume that your vials contain. This often happens when trying to dilute to too low a concentration.
How do displacement volumes affect my calculations?
When reconstituting powdered medications, the powder itself occupies volume (displacement). For example, adding 10 mL to a powder might result in 10.5 mL total volume. Always check the package insert for the final volume after reconstitution, as this affects your concentration. This calculator assumes you're using the final concentration post-reconstitution.
What's a safe dilution for IV push medications?
Most IV push medications should be diluted to 1-10 mL total volume for safe administration. Very concentrated solutions can cause vein irritation, phlebitis, or adverse reactions. Check drug-specific guidelines for maximum concentration and minimum dilution requirements. Some medications (like IV push potassium) have strict concentration limits.
About Our Validation & Sources
All calculators on Nurside use evidence-based formulas from standard clinical practice guidelines. Our validation thresholds are derived from clinical experience, published literature, and expert consultation.
Safety Features: Built-in validation catches common entry errors (like unit confusion), flags unusually high or low values, and requires explicit confirmation for potentially dangerous calculations. This is designed to support, not replace, your clinical judgment.
Formula Transparency: Click "Methods Used" in any calculator to see the exact formula and safety thresholds being applied. We believe you should always understand how your clinical tools work.
Educational Purposes Only: These calculators are provided for educational and clinical support purposes. They do not constitute medical advice and should not replace independent clinical judgment. Always verify calculations against your facility's protocols and the patient's specific clinical context.